A. Quoting from Menota texts

Essentially the same rules apply to Menota texts as to any printed text. Texts may be quoted, but within reasonable limits, and with full acknowledgment of the source.

The right to quotation is a commonly accepted exception to copyright protection, and should therefore not be misused. This is especially important for digital texts, for which the border between (short) quotations and (long) extracts may become blurred. The best practice for the quotation from printed sources should be taken as normative also for the quotation from digital texts such as the ones in Menota.

Copyright laws within the European Community are in the process of being harmonised. For more information, see:

Best Practice Guide: Implementing the EU copyright Directive in the Digital Age (PDF file, 27 pp.)

Rules for quotations are discussed on pp. 22-23 in this document.

B. Referring to Menota texts

Using the author-date system, texts may be referred to by the name of the main editor(s), e.g.

... as shown in Barlaams ok Jospahats saga (ed. Rindal et al. 2006) ...

If a specific reference is required, we recommend that it is given to folio (or page), and line numbers in the manuscript. This will be retrievable also from other publications of the text, such as printed facsimile editions. Note that conventional division of Medieval Nordic tetxs are unusual, as opposed to Classical texts. Since Menota is an archive of primary sources, we recommend that any reference as a minimum is given to the location in the source, and only additionally to chapter.

... as shown in Barlaams ok Jospahats saga (ed. Rindal et al. 2006, fol. 2r, l. 15) ...

For this text, there is a single main editor, Magnus Rindal, and three additional contributors, Jon Erik Hagen and Odd Einar Haugen (for the lemmatisation) and Christian-Emil Ore (for the file conversion). Most bibliographical style sheets say that if there are more than three persons involved, only one should be listed, with the addition of "et al." (and others), so in this case, "Rindal et al." has been suggested.

In the bibliography, the text should be listed as follows (with necessary modifications for various bibliographical style sheets):

Rindal, Magnus et al., ed. 2006. Holm perg 6 fol: Barlaams ok Jospahats saga. Menota ms. 1, v. 0.9. Bergen: Medieval Nordic Text Archive (www.menota.org).

Most bibliographical style sheets require a place of publication. Bergen is the present location of the server and the administration of the archive and should thus be given as the place of publication. This may, of course, change in the future, in the same manner as a publishing house may change location.

As a minimum, we recommend that a text is referred to with its manuscript siglum, e.g. AM 242 fol. In addition, a frequently used manuscript name may be given in parenthesis, e.g. Codex Wormianus. A work title, e.g. Barlaams ok Josaphats saga, is also very useful, although it may be left out of manuscripts containing many texts, such as Codex Wormianus:

Johansson, Karl G., ed. 2006. AM 242 fol (Codex Wormianus). Menota ms. 3, v. 0.9. Bergen: Medieval Nordic Text Archive (www.menota.org).

If all texts contained in AM 242 fol were to be listed, the full reference would be:

Johansson, Karl G., ed. 2006. AM 242 fol (Codex Wormianus): The four grammatical treatises, Snorra-Edda, Rísgþula, Ókennd heiti, Maríukvæði. Menota ms. 3, v. 0.9. Bergen: Medieval Nordic Text Archive (www.menota.org).

If several texts are being used, e.g. in a corpus-based linguistic study, we recommend that all texts are listed in the bibliography or in a separate section for sources. The style should be as suggested above.

Finally, we urge users to take note of the version they are using and add it in the bibliographical reference. For later recoverability, it is important to know exactly which version has been used. Note that all Menota texts are numbered and given a version number, e.g. "Menota ms. 1, v. 1.0". The catalogue will list the most recent version of any text, but older versions will be kept available.

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Opprettet 12 January 2007. Sist oppdatert 09.01.2008. Vevsjef. (Rediger)